Special symbol generator for high speed printer

ABSTRACT

An all electronic control system for a high-speed dot-matrix printer, which enables the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the usual character format constituting a group of dot-position columns separated from the next character by a number of blank columns, using an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually representative of standard data characters and special symbols. The control system comprises an input data store, a main character signal generator for actuating the printer elements to print standard characters, and a special symbol encoder which generates a series of special code words representative of special symbol components that are reproducible in the basic format; these special symbol code words actuate the main character signal generator to reproduce those components. An auxiliary character signal generator actuates the dot printer elements directly to print dots in the normally blank columns adjacent the basic format columns to complete printing of the special symbols; a special symbol detector identifies received code words representative of special symbols to control special symbol printing.

United States Patent [1 1 Fulton et al.

[ 1 SPECIAL SYMBOL GENERATOR FOR HIGH SPEED PRINTER [75] Inventors: John R. Fulton, Brookfield; George W. Volling, Round Lake Beach, both of 111.

[73] Assignee: Extel Corporation, Northbrook, 111.

[22] Filed: May 17, 1974 [21] Appl. No.: 470,846

[52] U.S. Cl. 197/1 R; 101/9305 [51] Int. Cl B41} 3/04 [58] Field of Search 197/1 R; 101/9305;

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Primary Examiner-Edgar S. Burr Assistant Examiner-R. T. Rader Attorney, Agent, or Firml(inzer, Plyer, Dorn & McEachran [4 1 July 8, 1975 [57] ABSTRACT An all electronic control system for a high-speed dotmatrix printer, which enables the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the usual character format constituting a group of dot-position columns separated from the next character by a number of blank columns, using an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually representative of standard data characters and special symbols. The control system comprises an input data store, a main character signal generator for actuating the printer elements to print standard characters, and a special symbol encoder which generates a series of special code words representative of special symbol components that are reproducible in the basic format; these special symbol code words actuate the main character signal generator to reproduce those components. An auxiliary character signal generator actuates the dot printer elements directly to print dots in the normally blank columns adjacent the basic format columns to complete printing of the special symbols; a special symbol detector identifies received code words representative of special symbols to control special symbol printing.

8 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures f 1 53 t I54 55 *1 INPUT lNPUT BINARY F fig CLOCK COUNTER RELAY CONTROL CLOCK -1- 16 DETECTORS INPUT 1 l l J 58 1 SHIFT J 50 \RECEMNG l ng; PRINT DETECTOR 62s) nrcasrsn CONTROLS MAGNETS pmNT 1 L 57 l CONTROL CLOCK STCRAGE MAIN LOAD 59 ECHARACTER DETECTOR REGISTER l GNEWDR \59 7 BlNARV CCUNTER PRINT mama 77 7 7,0 a 26 1 CHECK :L 7 AUXILIARY gtAFACTER STEP N RAT 1? SPECIAL o MOTOR 68 T SYMBOL H11 11 1 AND 76 Nompnmr ECHARACTER E -BCD TO REsET DET RS QENERATOR L I NE MOTOR DEC 1 MAL DETECTOR ECTO GATING FEED J CONTROL CONVERTDR 75 mm I L g2 LLJfiJ 2 :5 Aux UNE STEP 1;. CDLUMN FUNCTDN FEED PRINT COUNT t: ENCODER BELL) DRIVER CONTROL "ONTROL.

34 7/ u-LLl- SPECIAL SYMBOL GENERATOR FOR HIGH SPEED PRINTER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION High-speed printers are often controlled by permutation-coded input signals, such as the conventional Baudot code. In some of these printers, each character is reproduced in a series of sequentially imprinted individual columns of dots. Each code word, as received, is translated into a form usable in control of the printer, and the translated information is presented to the printer mechanism with precise timing and at a speed sufficient to permit multiple functions of the printer mechanism before a new code word is received. In conventional control systems, the received code words are applied to a character generator that performs the required translation, directly from an operational data store. When special symbols unsuited to the basic format of the control system are introduced, a problem arises as to accommodation and reproduction of the special symbols.

Accommodation of the special symbols by changes in the character generator would require a complete reprogramming of the basic character generator, usually a read-only memory, and basic changes in the system format, This would be necessary to afford a usable dotmatrix array for special symbols such as weather symbols, fractions, and other unusual symbols. Incorporation of the special symbols into the character generator programming would require a larger number of dot columns employed to print the characters. An expanded array approach would complicate the character generator design or would limit the number of code words possible in a given system. Further, such an expanded array is inefficient, since the majority of characters do not require an expanded array; only special symbols require extra dot columns. Conforming the special symbols to the conventional dot array pattern is also unacceptable, because distorted characters and erroneous interpretations and errors can easily result.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is a principal object of the invention, therefore, to provide a control system for a high speed dot matrix printer that enables the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the basic character format, utilizing an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually representative of standard data characters, non-print functions, and special symbols.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a control system that actuates the dot printer elements to print dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more columns adjacent the columns of the basic format to reproduce special symbols, without materially altering the reproduction of standard characters.

Another object of the invention is to provide a control system with encoding means for generating a series of modified code words, each representative of a part of a special symbol that is reproducible in a basic format, and that includes an auxiliary character signal generator that actuates the dot printer elements to complete the reproduction of the special symbols by printing dots in one or more columns adjacent the columns of the basic format.

Accordingly, the invention relates to a control system for controlling a high speed dot matrix printer of the kind comprising a plurality of individual signal-actuated dot printer elements that print standard data characters in a basic format constituting a group of dotposition columns each including a given number of dot positions, with each such group of columns normally separated from the next adjacent group by a predetermined number of blank columns. The control system enables the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the basic format, utilizing an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually representative of standard data characters and special symbols. The control system comprises a plural-level data store capable of storing a plurality of received code words, for receiving the input signal, each code word being initially recorded in an input level and then advanced to an output level. A main character signal generator is coupled to the dot printer elements and actuates the dot printer elements to print characters in the basic format. The system includes encoding means for generating a series of modified code words, each of which is representative of a part of a special symbol that is reproducible in the basic format. An auxiliary character signal generator is coupled to the clot printer elements for actuating the elements to print dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more columns adjacent the columns of the basic format, completing the reproduction of special symbols. Gating means are provided, coupling an output level of the data store and the encoding means to the main character signal generator. Special symbol detector means are provided and are coupled to the data store, the gating means, and the encoding means for identifying received code words representative of special symbols. The special symbol detector means actuates the gating means and encoding means to apply modified code words to the character generator. The auxiliary character signal generator is actuated, when a special symbol is received, by means of the special symbol detector means and the encoding means.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a simplified plan view of a high speed dot matrix printer of the general kind to which the control system of the present invention may be applied;

FIG. 2 illustrates one of the special symbols that may be printed by the printer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates special weather symbols which may be printed by the printer of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 illustrates an alternate form of a special symbol that may be utilized;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a high speed printer control system constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIGS. 6A and 68 together constitute a detailed schematic and logic diagram for a preferred form of a portion of the control system illustrated in FIG. 5', and

FIG. 7 is a timing chart illustrating the sequence of operations when a special symbol is received, in the control system of FIGS. 5, 6A and 63.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 illustrates, in a simplified form, a high speed dot matrix printer 10 in which the control system of the present invention may be employed; printer I0 produces standard characters and special symbols in dot matrix form as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. Printer 10 comprises a base 11 with two vertical frame members 3 12 and 13 affixed to the opposite sides of the base. A platen 14 mounted on a shaft 15 is incorporated in printer shaft is journalled in suitable bearings in the two side frame members 12 and 13. A knob 16 may be mounted on one end of shaft 15 for manual rotation of the platen 14.

A carriage guide rail 17 is mounted near the front of printer 10, extending transversely of the printer between frame members 12 and 13 and parallel to platen 14. A carriage 18 is slidably mounted upon guide rail 17 and is connected to a carriage positioning belt 19. Preferably, belt 19 is a toothed belt of the kind sometimes referred to as a timing belt or gear belt. The righthand end of carriage positioning belt 19 extends around a drive pulley or sprocket 21 mounted upon a shaft 22 that projects vertically upwardly from base 11. The opposite end of belt 19 engages an idler pulley 23 mounted upon a vertical shaft 24 that projects upwardly from base 11 at the left-hand side of the printer.

Shaft 22 is connected to another pulley, not shown, that is engaged by a drive belt 25. Drive belt 25 extends around a drive sprocket 26 mounted upon the shaft 27 of a motor 28. Motor 28 is a reversible stepping motor that rotates through a discrete angle of rotation each time an electrical signal pulse is applied to the windings of the motor.

There are two control switches 31 and 33 mounted on base 11 in position to be actuated by engagement with carriage 18. Switch 31 is located at the left-hand side of printer l0 and constitutes a left-hand margin control switch. Switch 33 is a right-hand margin control switch. Printer 10 also includes a line feed driver 34 mounted in the rear left-hand corner of base 11. Driver 34 is connected to a line feed linkage 35, shown as a simple line feed lever, for rotating platen 14 through a discrete angular distance to achieve a line feed operation.

In operation, a sheet or web of paper extends around platen l4 and is imprinted by impact from a plurality of printing rods or needles 36 that extend from carriage 18 toward platen 14. In a typical printer, there are seven rods 36 arranged in vertical alignment with each other at the printing station 37 adjacent the surface of platen 14, each rod 36 being provided with an individual drive magnet 38.

Printer 10 is, essentially, a simplified illustration of the high speed printer described and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,670,861 of Walter J. Zenner, to which reference may be made for a more complete and comprehensive description of the mechanical construction and operation of the printer. Details of some of the mechanical linkages in printer 10, such as a return spring for return of carriage 18 to the left-hand margin and a clutch to release the carriage drive for return movement, have been omitted as unnecessary to an understanding of the present invention. The preferred construction for the print head incorporated in carriage 18, including print rods 36 and the print rod magnets, is described and illustrated in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 3,729,079. Only a brief description of the mechanical operation of printer 10 is necessary in this specification.

In the operation of printer 10, as noted above, a sheet or web of impact-sensitive paper is extended around platen 14, between the platen and the print rods 36 of the printer. If preferred, ordinary paper can be employed in conjunction with a carbon ribbon, inked ribbon, or carbon sheet. The starting position for carriage 18 is at the left-hand end of its travel on guide 17, in alignment with the left-hand margin switch 31.

To print a first character, such as the character 1 illustrated in FIG. 2, carriage 18 advances P discrete column steps from left to right, the carriage being driven by its positioning belt 19 through the drive afforded by stepping motor 28, drive belt 25, and pulley 21; in the illustrated embodiment, p =8. During the first three steps of carriage 18, traversing columns 41, 42 and 43, no impression is made on the paper in printing a standard data character. In the next five steps of the carriage, the group comprising columns 44 through 48, the complete character is imprinted by selective actuation of rods 36 into driving impact with the surface of the paper on platen 14 (FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 2, the initial advancing movement of carriage 18 leaves three blank columns 41, 42 and 43 preceding the first character. In the first character column 44, two of the print rods 36 are driven into impact with the paper, at the third and seventh levels from the top of the array, producing two vertically displaced dots 39A. On the next incremental column step 45 in the advancing movement of carriage 18, two dot impressions 39B are formed, at the second and seventh levels. In the sixth column 46, all seven of the print rods 36 are driven into impact, producing seven dot impressions. On the next two incremental steps, columns 47 and 48, only the seventh level print rod is actuated. Column 48 is the eighth or final stage of movement for the character format illustrated in FIG. 2. This results in printing the numeral 1 as illustrated in FIG. 2. In this same manner, a complete line of standard characters can be imprinted across the paper on platen 14, with carriage 18 moving from left to right a total of eight column steps for each individual character.

As carriage 18 moves toward the right-hand end of platen 14, it approaches switch 33. Carriage 18 may continue its movement until it engages switch 33, following which the carriage return and line feed mechanisms of printer 10 are mandatorily actuated to return the carriage to the initial left-hand margin position. Before a new line of print is initiated, driver 34 is actuated to rotate platen 14 through one or more line feed increments, placing a fresh line segment of the paper web or sheet in alignment with carriage 18 ready for printing a subsequent line of characters on the paper.

A carriage return operation may also be initiated by a carriage return function code incorporated in a telegraph signal that controls printer 10. A separate line feed code may be utilized to actuate the line feed mechanism comprising driver 34 and linkage 35. Other nonprint function codes and special symbol codes may be included in the received signal for control of printer l0.

Fractions, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and weather symbols, as shown in FIG. 3, are some of the special symbols that can be imprinted by the printer 10 when equipped with the control system of the present invention, even though these symbols do not fit the basic format described above for the character 1 in FIG. 2. Moreover, this is accomplished with a received signal that includes code words for both standard characters and special symbols, intermixed with each other. The special symbol code to print a fraction, such as the fraction one-half (FIG. 2) controls the printer 10 to print a first fraction character a second fraction character,

and a pattern of dots in the normally blank columns be tween the two characters to complete the special symbol. FIG. 2 illustrates one fraction array that may be utilized, while an alternate fraction array is shown in FIG. 4. A weather symbol array is shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 illustrates, in block diagram form, a printer control system 50 that incorporates one embodiment of the present invention. The basic control is similar to that described in US. Pat. No. 3,7l9,78l.

The input stage of control system 50 is shown as a line relay circuit 51 to which a conventionally coded telegraph signal is supplied. In the following description, it is assumed that the incoming signal is encoded in accordance with the standard seven and one-half unit Baudot code, but other similar permutation codes can be employed with appropriate modifications in the control system to interpret the input code.

The output of line relay 51 is connected to an input clock control circuit 52, in turn coupled to an input clock 53. Clock 53 may comprise a start-stop multivibrator or other oscillator of constant frequency. The input clock frequency is taken as n times the pulse rate of the input signal; for the control described herein, n 16. For the Baudot permutation code, which is a 7 /2 unit code comprising one start pulse, five data pulses, and one and one-half stop pulses, the frequency for clock 53 is L200 hz, assuming an input rate of 100 words per minute and a pulse rate of 75 pulses per second.

The output of clock 53 is applied to a binary counter 54, which also has an input derived from clock control 52. Counter 54 is a sixteen stage counter and thus cycles once for every pulse in the input signal. The outputs from individual stages in the binary counter are connected to a set and reset detector circuit 55, to a shift detector circuit 56, and to a load detector circuit 57. Control circuit 52, clock 53 and counter 54 comprise an input clock means for control system 50.

The output of circuit 51 is also connected to a receiving data storage register 58 serving as a buffer storage unit for the control system. Register 58, comprising an all-electronic shift register, also receives control signals from detector units 55 and 56. Another output from detector 55 is connected back to the input of clock control circuit 52.

The individual stages of receiving register 58 are 6011- nected in parallel to individual stages in the input level of an operational storage means comprising a storage register or data store 59. A control input to data store 59 is supplied from load detector 57. The output of load detector 57 is also connected to line relay 51.

The output of a print clock control circuit 61 is connected to a print clock 62 in turn connected to a binary counter 63. The clock control, clock, and counter circuits 61-63 constitute a print clock means essentially similar to circuits 52-54; however, print clock 62 usually operates at a different frequency from input clock 53. The operating frequency for print clock 62 is determined by the printing pulse rate for printer l0 and is made equal to at least n times the printing pulse rate. The print clock frequency may be lower or higher than the input clock frequency, depending upon the relationship between the printing code and the input code; the print clock must be fast enough to assure completion of a printing operation during the time interval required for reception of an input code word. In a typical installation the print clock frequency is 1330 hz. The

print clock rate may also be variable, as described in the co-pending application of John R. Fulton, Ser. No. 349,438, filed Apr. 9, 1973.

The outputs from the various levels of binary counter 63 are connected to a check signal detector means 64, a reset detector 65, a column count control circuit 66, and a step and print control circuit 67. Detector 64 produces check (timing) signals that are applied to a number of circuits in control system 50 as described more fully hereinafter. The output of reset detector 65 is an end-ofcharacter (EOC) signal that is applied to the print clock control circuit 61 to reset that circuit at the end of each character code or other code word. The column count control circuit 66 has a plurality of output circuits individually connected to the several stages of a code converter 68 that converts the column count signals from binary coded decimal (BCD) form to decimal form. Converter 68 has a plurality of output circuits individually connected to a main character generator 69, to an auxiliary character generator 70, to check detectors 64, and to reset detector 65.

Each of the character generators 69 and 70 has an input circuit connected to an output of the step and print control circuit 67. The main character generator 69 also has a plurality of inputs connected to outputs of a character generator gating means 74. The main character generator 69 is a commercially available signal translation matrix of integrated circuit construction, or a combination of such integrated circuits.

Character generator 69 affords seven output circuits, one for each print rod 36 of printer 10 (FIG. 1). Each output of character generator 69 (FIG. 5) is individually connected to one of seven print magnet control circuits 71. Each print magnet control is in turn connected to one of the print magnets 38 for actuating one of the print rods 36. The auxiliary character generator 70 has a plurality of outputs connected to the print magnet controls 71. Generator 70 has a timing control input connected to a special symbol encoding means 75.

The character generator gating means 74 has a plurality of input circuits that are connected to the individual stages of the operational storage register 59. A second plurality of inputs to the gating means 74 is also provided from the special symbol encoder means 75.

The input signal to system 50 includes code words indicative of non-part functions (carriage return, line feed, etc.) as well as characters to be printed. Moreover, the character code words include those characters that are reproducible in the standard 5 X 7 format and other special symbols that cannot be printed in that format. Occurrence of any of these non-print function codes and special symbol codes is detected in a special symbol and non-print function detector unit 73 coupled to the output level of data store 59. The detectors in unit 73 not only identify the occurrence of a nonprint function code or a special symbol code, they also identify the particular function or symbol entailed.

One output from detector unit 73 is connected to a print timing and enabling circuit 77 and to a line feed control circuit 78. Circuit 78 has a second input derived from the output of a line feed detector in detector 73. The output of the line feed control circuit 78 is connected to the line feed driver 34. Another output from detector unit 73 is connected to gating unit 74. Detector 73 also has a plurality of outputs connected to encoder 75. Encoder has a plurality of outputs coupled to gating means 74 and also has a control output connected to auxiliary character generator 70.

The operation of the control system 50 is similar to that described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,7l9,78l, with the exception of the detector unit 73, encoder 75, gating means 74, and the auxiliary character generator 70. When a code word for a standard data character is received, and reaches the output level of storage register 59, the detector 73 actuates gating means 74 to couple the data outputs of data store 59 to the inputs of the main character generator 69. Encoder 75 and the auxiliary character generator 70 are essentially nonfunctioning when a standard data character code word is received. Imprinting of the character takes place in a standard format, such as three blank columns and five character columns, as described previously and shown by the numeral 1 in FIG. 2.

When a special symbol code word is received and is identified by detector means 73, a signal on the logic control lead 79 from detector unit 73 to gating means 74 causes the gating means to couple the outputs of the special symbol encoder 75 to the main character generator 69 in place of the data outputs from store 59. The special symbol encoder 75 is driven by the special symbol outputs of detector unit 73.

The special symbol may be any symbol that is unsuited to the basic format of the dot array. Such symbols may include fractions, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, weather symbols as shown in FIG. 3, or any other symbol representing a data character not fully adaptable to the standard format. Special symbols may be utilized in machines with various standard formats. Two particular standard formats of interest are characters formed by three blank columns followed by five dot-position columns, as described above, or two blank columns followed by five dot-position columns and one blank column. it should be noted that any other combination of blank and dot-position columns might also be suitable.

When a special symbol is to be printed, encoder 75 generates one or more modified code words, each representative of one part of a special symbol that is reproducible in the basic format. The auxiliary character generator 70 on the other hand, actuates the dot printer elements 36 to print dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more of the normally blank columns adjacent the columns of the basic format and thus complete the printing of the special symbol.

An auxiliary function output from detector unit 73, FIG. 5, is connected to an auxiliary function circuit 82, which may comprise a buzzer, a bell, or other auxiliary device. This output of detector 73 is also connected to the print timing and enabling circuit 77. Circuit 77 has one output that is connected to the step and print con trol 67 and another connected to a step motor control circuit 81. The step motor control circuit 81 also has inputs derived from a carriage return output of detec tor means 73 and check detector circuit 64. Check signals from detector 64 are also supplied to the print timing and enabling circuit 77 and to detector unit 73.

The step motor control circuit 81 has four outputs individually connected to the motor windings of step motor 28. Control 81 that determines the direction of rotation of step motor 28 and also controls the number of steps through which the motor is driven in any given operational sequence.

In considering operation of control system 50, it should be remembered that the initial pulse in each code word, in the telegraph signal supplied to line relay 5 l, is a start pulse of given polarity, sometimes referred to as a space" pulse. The next five pulses in each code word {assuming Baudot code) are data pulses identitying a standard character. a special symbol, or a nonprint function; each of these five data pulses may be a space pulse or a mark" pulse of opposite polarity. The final [V2 pulses in the code word are stop pulses; both are mark pulses. In the following description, it is assumed that the space pulses in the incoming signal are negative-going signals and that the mark pulses are positive-going signals.

Operation in Response to a Standard Data Character Code When a signal transmission to control system 50 begins, the initial space code pulse or baud in the input signal actuates line relay 51, producing an output signal that triggers control circuit 52 to start input clock means 52-54 in operation. As noted above, clock 53 produces a clock signal at a frequency of sixteen times the pulse rate of the input signal; this clock signal is supplied to binary counter 54. From the frequency relations given above, and as described in more detail in US. Pat. No. 3,7 l9,78l, it can be seen that binary counter 54 produces sixteen output signal pulses during the time interval prior to occurrence of the next pulse in the incoming signal, which may be either a space or a mark pulse, depending upon the character or function code being transmitted.

When counter 54 reaches a given count, typically a count of six, detector unit 55 is actuated to produce a set signal that is supplied back to the input clock control 52 (FIG. 5) to maintain input clock 53 in operation for the full period of time required for receipt of a complete code word. That is, the set signal from circuit 55 maintains the input clock means 5254 in operation until reset upon receipt of all of the data pulses in a complete code word.

When counter 54 reaches a higher count (e.g., seven), detector 56 appiies a shift pulse to receiving register 58 (FIG. 5). Register 58 then records the space signal appearing at the output of line relay 5! in its input stage. The input clock 53 continues to run.

At the beginning ofthe second cycle of operation of input clock means 52 54, a second input signal pulse is received in line relay 51. This is the first data pulse; it may be a mark signal or it may be a space signal. At count seven of counter 54, during this first data signal pulse, a shift signai is again supplied to receiving register 58 from detector 56. This shifts the initially re corded space pulse to the second stage of the receiving register and records the present output of line relay 51 in the first stage of receiving register 58. This process continues, with the shift detector 56 producing a shift pulse in each cycle and recording the incoming data from circuit 51 sequentially in the individual stages of receiving register 58.

When the initial space pulse that started the transmission reaches the final stage of receiving register 58, the receiving register produces a signal indicating reception of a complete code word that is applied to detec tors 55 and 57. This is an enabling signal that condi tions the system for subsequent operations.

In the same cycle of the input clock means 52-54, on a given count (cg. nine) in counter 54, a load" signal is developed by load detector 57. This load signal is supplied to data store 59 to transfer the information recorded in receiving register 58 into the input level of the operational storage register. The transfer of data between registers 58 and 59 is accomplished in a single input clock pulse, on a parallel basis.

On the count of six in counter 54, after a complete set of data pulses for a code word has been stored in receiving register 58 and transferred to storage register 59, detector unit 55 develops a reset signal. This reset signal is supplied to control 52 to interrupt operation of input clock means 5254 until a further code signal is received in line relay The reset signal is also supplied to receiving register 58 to clear the shift register in preparation for recording a new character or function code word therein.

An actuating signal is supplied to print clock control circuit 61 to initiate operation of print clock means 61-63 when a complete character or function code has been stored in register 59, affording a clock signal for timing the operational control circuits 59-82. The output pulses from print clock 62 are counted in binary counter 63 which, like counter 54, counts in groups of sixteen. On each count of one in counter 63, control 66 is actuated to produce a column count signal that is supplied to converter 68 for conversion from binary coded decimal to decimal notation. For each complete character (or function) code, there are eight pulses in the column count signal.

On selected counts in the output of counter 63 (e.g., two, three, and four), check" signals are produced by detector unit 64. These check signals from detector means 64 are supplied to the non-print function detector 73, to the print timing and enabling circuit 77, to the step motor control circuit 81, and to other circuits (not shown) to control timing of the printing operation or other functions of printer 10.

As described above, printer 10 provides a total of eight columns for printing each character, but in one standard format the first three columns are normally utilized for spacing between characters and only the last five columns are actually employed for printing. A system having the first two columns for spacing, the next five columns for printing and the eighth column for spacing may be utilized similarly. Five output signal connections are provided from converter 68 to the main character generator 69; the signals from the converter are employed in the character generator as column strobe signals. The first column signal output from converter 68 is supplied to check detector 64 for check pulse gating. Additional outputs from converter 68 are available for use in printing special symbols. When a code word for a standard data character is identified as being stored in an output level of data store 59 by detector unit 73, the detector unit actuates gating means 74 to couple the output level of store 59 to the main character generator 69. The information from the output level of store 59 is continuously available to the main character generator until new code data is shifted into the data store by another load pulse from detector 57. The main character generator 69 develops a series of output signals, in response to the column strobe signals from converter 68, that are utilized to actuate the individual print magnets 38 for the print rods 36 of printer 10 (FIGS. 1 and 5).

When counter 63 (FIG. 5) reaches a given count (e.g., seven) near the mid-point of the counter cycle, the step and print control circuit 67 is actuated to develop a step" signal that is supplied to step motor control 81. This step signal is utilized, in control 81, to develop appropriate drive signals to advance step motor 28 one column step. This action occurs once for each of the eight columns entailed in reproduction of a standard character. The step and print control 67 also receives a timing signal from the print timing and enabling circuit 77 and develops a print pulse timing signal that occurs shortly after the step signal. The print pulse timing signal is supplied to character generator 69 to control timing of energization of the print magnets 38, so that the print magnets are energized immediately after step motor 28 has advanced one column step.

As noted above, character generator 69 is a commercially available integrated circuit matrix suitable for generating actuating signals in response to the code data signals from character generator gating means 74, the column count signals from converter 68, and the print signals from control 67. In the reproduction of a standard data character only the column count signals for columns four through eight (or three through seven) are supplied to character generator 69. Upon the receipt of one column count signal pulse, character generator 69 (FIG. 5) develops from zero to seven actuating signals, depending upon the particular print magnets that are to be energized for each given column of the character being reproduced. These signals are supplied to the individual print magnets 38, through appropriate drive circuits in the print magnet control 71, reproducing the desired character as described above in connection with FIG. 2.

After completion of printing of the character, on the occurrence ofa count of sixteen in the output of binary counter 63 and with a column eight signal available from converter 68, reset detector 65 is actuated to produce an end-of-character reset signal (EOC) that is supplied to print clock control 61 and to other circuits in system 50. This stops print clock 62, readying control system 50 for printing of another standard character, printing of a special symbol, or for any other function dictated by the next code word received by line relay 51.

Operation in Response to a Function Code The initial operation of control system 50 in response to a non-print function code word is basically similar to that for a standard data character code word. Thus, the initial space pulse at the beginning of the function code word initiates operation of input'clock means 52-54. The code word is stored in receiving register 58, pulse by pulse, in the manner described above, under control of shift signals from detector 56. When all data pulses from the complete code word are stored in receiving register 58, the load signal from detector 57 initiates transfer of the data from register 58 to data store 59. As before, a signal generated by detector unit 55 re-sets the input circuits for receipt of a new code word.

Print clock means 6l63 is again actuated and column count control 66 again develops a column count signal. Moreover, check detector 64 again develops check pulse signals for timing operation of motor control 81 and the print timing and enabling circuit 77. The check signals are also applied to the special symbol and non-print function detector means 73, which identifies the code data now stored in the output level of register 59 as pertaining to a non-print function rather than a standard character or a special symbol. Detector means 73 develops a general non-print function signal that is supplied to the print timing and enabling circuit 77, the line feed control 78, and each of several specific function detectors in detector means 73.

If the data in the output level of register 59 is the code for a carriage return operation, the carriage return detector of detector means 73 develops a carriage return signal that is supplied to motor control 81. Control 81 initiates a reverse stepping movement of motor 28, where reverse movement of the motor constitutes the mechanical action necessary to begin a carriage return operation in printer 10. In one form of control system 50, motor 28 is stepped four steps in the reverse direction to release carriage 18 (FIG. 1) and allow it to return to the initial line position at the left-hand side of printer 10. In this arrangement, the left-hand margin switch 31 is connected to step motor control 81 to step the motor 28 forward four steps and restore the normal driving conditions for carriage 18 once the carriage has reached its initial position at the left-hand side of the printer.

The use of four reverse steps of motor 28 required to initiate a carriage return movement is subject to substantial variation. Three, five, or even eight steps could be utilized if desired. It will be recognized, of course, that with a different mechanism for carriage return, the output of the carriage return detector in unit 73 could be applied to a separate carriage return device.

If the data in the output level of storage register 59 is a line feed code, the line feed detector of means 73 applies a line feed signal to the line feed control 78 together with the non-print function signal from detector means 73. Control 78 supplies an actuating signal to the line feed driver 34 to initiate a line feed operation. During the line feed operation, operation of step motor 28 is inhibited.

If the data stored in register 59 is a separate auxiliary code for a non-print function, it is detected in an auxiliary detector circuit in means 73. Detector means 73 thus produces an output signal that is supplied to the print timing and enabling circuit 77 to preclude actuation of step motor 28 through control 81. An output signal from detector means 73 is also supplied to auxiliary function circuit 82 to ring a bell, sound a buzzer, or perform such other auxiliary function as may be required.

For each non-print function code, just as for each standard character code, column count control 66 is operated and supplies the column count signal to converter 68. When the column stage of converter 68 is actuated, it produces an output signal that is supplied to reset detector 65. Detector 65 then produces a reset signal that interrupts operation of print clock means 61-63 and thus conditions system 50 for the next received code word.

Operation in Response to a Special Symbol Code The operation of system 50 is response to a special symbol code is also similar to the operation in response to a standard character code. However, the operation differs in the control of the main character generator 69 and the print magnet controls 71, carried out by the auxiliary character generator 70, gating means 74, encoder 75 and the special symbol detector circuits included in detector means 73.

Examples of various special symbols that may be imprinted by controlled operations of the printer 10 are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, In FIG. 2 one special symbol, the fraction one-half, is shown as imprinted by a machine utilizing a standard dot-position column array having the first three columns 41-43 as the standard character printing columns.

The particular array for the fraction shown in FIG. 2 is accomplished by printing a portion of the symbol (in this instance a complete numeric character) in the normal dot-position 44-48 of the first character group P, by printing dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more of the normally blank columns 141-143 of the next succeeding character format group P, and by printing the terminal portion of the symbol (another numeric character) in the succeeding five volumns 144-148.

When a special symbol code word is received, detector means 73 produces an output, identifying the special symbol, which is applied to encoder to produce code word signals for the first and second characters. For this particular fraction format, the code words may be the same as the standard code words for corresponding numeric characters. These are supplied to the character generator gating means 74. Detector means 73 also actuates gating means 74 to couple the outputs of encoder 75 to the main character generator 69, as opposed to coupling the outputs of data store 59 to the main character generator 69 as in response to a standard character code.

Encoder 75 also actuates the auxiliary character generator 70 to imprint the desired dot pattern (e.g., dots 39C) in columns 141-143 of FIG. 2 by direct control of the print magnet control 71.

Other special symbols, such as the weather symbols shown in FIG. 3, may also be printed by means of the control system of the invention. In the case of weather symbols the most desirable format utilizes dot reproduction in a total of seven columns to display the full weather symbol and prevent distortion or confusion. For weather symbols, the most efficient manner of programming control system 50 utilizes one extra column on each side of the five dot-position columns of the standard character format. When the standard character format constitutes three blank columns followed by five dot-position columns, the extra column desired for a weather symbol, after the five standard dot-position columns, falls in a blank column of the next character. This presents some difficulty, since the most efficient means to produce a special symbol only seven columns wide is to confine the programming for that symbol to the eight columns normally assigned to one character. Accordingly, it is desirable to alter the standard character format to afford two blank columns preceeding and one succeeding the five normal dot-position columns, resulting in an equivalent eight total columns allotted per character.

In FIG. 3 columns 151 and 152 are normally blank columns and columns 153-157 are the dot-position columns for a standard data character, while column 158 is a normally blank column succeeding the five character columns. Printing of the three dots 159 in the third, fourth and fifth levels of column 152 and the three dots 160 in the third, fourth and fifth levels of column 158 are controlled by the auxiliary character generator 70, directly actuating the print magnet control 71. The detector means 73, the special symbol encoder 75, the gating means 74 operate, as described above in the generation of a fraction symbol, to produce the five-column portion of the special symbol allotted to the columns used for standard data characters.

Column 161, immediately succeeding the last column 158 of the first symbol shown in FIG. 3, is the first blank column of the succeeding character, which in this case is also a special weather symbol. Here again, the three dots 159 are printed in the third, fourth and fifth levels of the second column 162, which would be blank for a standard character. Another set of three dots 160 is imprinted in the third, fourth and fifth levels of the normally blank column 168 following the five standard dot-position columns 163-167. As in the case of fractions, the main character generator 69 is actuated by encoder 75 and gating means 74 to produce that portion of the symbol contained in the standard dot-position columns 163-167 and the remaining portions, dots 159 and 160, are imprinted under the control of the auxiliary character generator 70.

FIG. 4 illustrates a different fraction display using two eight column groups 171-178 and 181-188. This display utilizes non-standard characters for the two numerals of the fraction, such as the one and the four for the fraction one-fourth. The first numeral of the special symbol is imprinted in the standard dot-position columns 174-178 of the first group (actually, column 174 remains blank for the illustrated numeral one). The second numeral is printed in the standard dot-position columns 184-188 of the second group. In addition, however, one dot is printed in each of the normally blank columns 181-183 of the second group and the fraction bar is completed by the extra dots in each of columns 177, 17, 184 and 185. Thus, the complete fraction constitutes a first character" in columns 174-178, a second character in columns 184-188, and an intervening portion in columns 181-183, just as in FIG. 2, but with different coding. This format requires a special encoding of the code words for the numeric characters in encoder 75, allowing a size reduction from standard numeric characters. However, the display of FIG. 4 may be more desirable than that of FIG. 2 since the bar for the fraction of FIG. 2 must be printed in the limited space afforded by the three columns 141-143 and there is a tendency for the characters to run together.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that each received character, special symbol, or non-print function code is first stored in the register 58 by the distributor circuits comprising line relay 51, input clock means 52-54, and detectors 55, 56 and 57. Once all of the data pulses of a complete code word are stored in register 58, the data is transferred from the receiving register to the storage register 59. The load signal from detector 57 initiates the transfer of data between registers 58 and 59. Printing, of a standard character or a special symbol, or another machine function, is indicated when each code word reaches the output level of data store 59. During the time that a character is printed or some other machine function is effected, a code word can be received and stored in the buffer store comprising receiving register 58. The overall operating cycle for the printing and function circuits of system 50, controlled by the print clock means 61-63, is kept shorter than the data input cycle controlled by the input clock means 52-54. Accordingly, printing of a character or completion of a non-print function dictated by data in storage register 59 is usually accomplished before it is necessary to transfer new data into register 59 from receiving register 58. If a special symbol requiring two groups of print columns (FIGS. 2 or 4) is printed, the next code word may be delayed in store 59, necessitating use of a plural-level data store. To accommodate transmissions including frequent fractions or other like symbols, an accelerated print rate may be provided, as in the aforementioned application of .I. Fulton, Ser. No. 349,438.

Specific Control Circuits One specific group of circuits for special symbol generation that may be used in control system 50 (FIG. 5) is illustrated in detail in FIGS. 6A and 6B, which fit together vertically with FIG. 6A on the top and FIG. 68 on the bottom. The auxiliary character generator 70, the character generator gating means 74, the special symbol encoder means and portions of the detector means 73 are shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B; reference may be made to U.S. Pat. No. 3,719,781 for circuits usable in other portions of the control system. The particular circuits shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B are used in printing fractions in the array shown in FIG. 4, but the circuitry would be similar for other special symbols.

The special symbol input terminals 201 through 207 as shown in FIG. 6A, represent the outputs of individual detector circuits (not shown) used to identify received code words representative of special symbols one-eighth, three-fourths, one-fourth, five-eighths, one-half, seven-eighths and three-eighths respectively. Each of these inputs is actuated to a low" or zero" logic level when its particular special symbol (fraction) code word is stored in the output level of store 59 (FIG. 5). Terminals 201-207 (FIG. 6A) are each connected to an input of an OR gate 208 whose output is connected to one input of a NAND gate 209. Gate 209 has another input 211 which is a timing input from the check detector 64 (FIG. 5). A character shift control input 212 is another input to gate 209. One or more additional inputs 213 may be required, depending upon the overall printer control employed.

The output of gate 209 is connected through an inverter 214 to the clock input C of a J-K flip-flop 215. The J input of flip-flop 215 is connected to a high logic level source and the K data input is connected to system ground. The data output at the Q terminal of flipflop 215 affords a fraction detection or enabling line 216 that is connected to the special symbol encoding means 75 (FIG. 6A) and to the gating means 74 (see FIG. 6B). The 0 output of flip-flop 215 is triggered to a high logic level whenever any one of the special symbol detector inputs 201-207 indicates reception of a special code word for a fraction.

The encoding means 75 (FIG. 6A) includes a NAND gate 217 having one input connected to line 216 from the detector means 73 and a second input connected to a check pulse 3 output 218 from check detector 64 (FIG. 5). The output of gate 217 is connected to one input of an OR gate 219 whose output is connected to one input of another OR gate 221. The output of gate 221 is connected to a second input for gate 219. A second input for gate 221 is connected to an end-ofcharacter (EOC) control line 222 from reset detector 65 (FIG. 5). Gates 219 and 221 form a first character enable latch 223A. The output of gate 221 is connected to the set input of an intermediate latch 223C comprising an OR gate 224 whose output is connected to one input of an OR gate 225. The output of gate 225 is connected back to one input of gate 224.

A latch reset input to gate 225 in latch 223C is connected to the output of OR gate 226, which is part of a second character enable latch 223B. The output of gate 226 is also connected to one input of gate 217 and to one input of an OR gate 227 which is a part of the second character enable latch 2238. The output of gate 227 is connected back to an input of gate 226. A second input of gate 227 is connected to the output of a NAND gate 229. Gate 229 has one input connected to the output of gate 221 in the first character enable latch 223A, a second input connected to the output of gate 224 in the intermediate latch 223C, and a third input 231 connected to a check signal from the check detector 64 (FIG. 5).

Latch 223A is employed to control printing of a fraction numerator, in operation of the specific circuits shown in FIGS. 6A and 63, whereas latch 2238 controls printing of the fraction divisor.

The end of character (EOC) input 222 to gate 221 (FIG. 6A) is also connected to one input of a NAND gate 232. A second input to gate 232 is connected to the output of gate 227 in the second character enable latch 223B. The output of gate 232 is connected to the clear input of the flip-flop 215 to reset the flip-flop after a special symbol (fraction) print sequence.

The output terminal 233 of gate 219 in the first character enable latch 223A is connected to one input of each of four encoding gates 24] through 244 in the encoding means 75. The second input of gate 241 is connected to the output of an OR gate 248. Gates 248 has three inputs, connected to the one-eighth detector input 201, the one-fourth detector input 203, and the one-half detector terminal 205. The second input of gate 242 is connected to the output of an OR gate 249 whose two inputs are connected to the three-fourths detector input 202 and the three-eighths terminal 207. The second input of gate 243 is connected to the fiveeighths detector line 204 through an inverter 251. The second input of gate 244 is connected to the seveneighths detector line 206 by an inverter 252.

The output terminal 253 of gate 227 in latch 223B is connected to one input of each of three encoding gates 245-247. Another input of gate 245 is connected, through an inverter 254, to the one-half detector input 205. A second input of encoding gate 246 is connected to the output of an OR gate 256 which has one input connected to the three-fourths detector terminal 202 and a second input connected to the one-fourth detector input 203. The second input for encoding gate 247 is taken from the output of an OR gate 257 which has inputs connected to the fraction detector terminals 201, 204, 206, and 207. The outputs of encoding gates 241-247 are output lines of the encoding means 75 that supply modified code words for special symbols to the gating means 74 (FIG. 6B).

The gating means 74, in the form shown in FIG. 6B, has input terminals 261 through 265 which are connected to the output terminals storage register 59 (FIG. 5). Terminals 261-265 are each connected to one input of one NAND gate in a series 271-275, respectively. The other input of each of the gates 271-275 is connected to the outut 216 of flip-flop 215, which is the fraction or special symbol identification output of detector means 73 (FIG. 6A That is, the signal on line 216 affords an enabling-disabling input to gating means 74.

Gating means 74 further comprises a NOR gate 280 and a group of five OR gates 28] through 285. The output of gate 271 is connected to one input of gate 281;

similarly, the output of each of the gates 272-275 is connected to one input of a respective one of the gates 282-285. The remaining inputs for gates 280-285 are all derived from the encoder gates 241-247 in encoding means 75, FIG. 6A.

Thus, the two inputs to gate 280 in the character generator gating means 74 (FIG. 6B) are taken from the outputs of gates 244 and 247 in encoder 75 (FIG. 6B). The outputs of gate 280 affords one input to gate 281. The remaining inputs to gate 281 are taken from the outputs of encoding gates 241, 242 and 245. Two additional inputs are provided for gate 282, derived from the outputs of encoding gates 244 and 246. Gate 283 has three additional inputs, derived from the outputs of encoding gates 241-244 and 247. There are three additional inputs to gate 284, taken from the outputs of encoding gates 241, 245 and 246. There are also three additional inputs to gate 285, taken from the outputs of encoding gates 241, 243 and 247.

The output terminals 291 through 295 for gates 281 through 285, respectively, constitute the output terminals of gating means 74 and are connected to character generator 69 (FIG. 5).

In the form shown in FIG. 6B, the auxiliary character generator 70 includes three NAND gate 301, 302 and 303. Each of the gates 301-303 has one input that is connected to an output terminal 253 of gate 227 in the second character enable latch 2238 (FIG. 6A). Each of the gates 301-303 also has a second input, derived from a terminal 304 of the step and print control 67 (FIG. 5), which indicates the print mode of operation for printer 10. Gate 301 has a third input connected to a terminal 305 taken from converter 68 (FIG. 5) and supplying a strobe signal for printing in the first of the three normally blank columns between dot-position columns in which standard characters are printed. For the format of FIG. 4, this is column 181. Similarly, gate 302 has a third input connected to a terminal 306 that receives a signal from converter 68 identifying the column step corresponding to the second normally blank column, column 182 in FIG. 4. Gate 303 takes its third input from a terminal 307 that receives a signal from converter 68 identifying the third normally blank column 183 (FIG. 4).

The output of gate 301 (FIG. 6B) is connected, through an inverter 40] and a diode 405, to an output terminal 411. The output of gate 302 is supplied to an output terminal 412 through an inverter 402 and a diode 406. The output of gate 303 is connected through an inverter 403 and a diode 407 to an output terminal 413. Output terminals 411-413 are connected to print magnet control 71 (FIG. 5) to actuate the print magnets and the print rods independently of character generator 69 in printing the dots in columns 181, 182 and 183 of the fraction format illustrated in FIG. 4.

To prevent undesired energization of the print magnets that are subject to control by signals from the auxiliary character generator output terminals 411-413 (FIG. 6B) when the printer is first placed in operation, means are provided to inhibit premature operation of the auxiliary character generator 70. The circuit employed for this purpose, as illustrated in FIG. 613, comprises a transistor 415 having its base electrode connected through a resistor 416 to an input terminal 417. Terminal 417 receives a master clear" signal when the printer is first turned on.

The base of transistor 415 is connected to system ground through a resistor 418. The emitter is directly connected to system ground. The collector of transistor 415 is connected through a resistor 419 to the base of a second transistor 421 and is also connected to a 8+ supply through the series combination of resistor 419 and a load resistor 422. The emitter of transistor 421 is connected to the B+ supply. The collector of transistor 421 is connected to the output terminal of each of the three inverters 401-403 by means of three individual resistors 431-433.

Before reviewing the operation of the circuits shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, a brief discussion of the significance of some of the signals generated therein is in order. Thus, the output on line 216 from flip-flop 215 (FIG. 6A) signifies the need to print a special symbol (fraction) but does not identify the particular symbol to be printed. The output of the first character enable latch 223A, in conjunction with encoding logic gates 241-244, controls printing of a first character, the numeric character and part of a fraction bar printed in columns 174-178 (FIG. 4). The intermediate latch 223C (FIG. 6A) controls actuation of the second character enable latch 223B. Latch 2238, in turn, together with encoding logic gates 245-247, controls reproduction of a part of the fraction bar in columns 181-183 and of the second character, constituting the remainder of the fraction bar and the second numeric character in columns 184-188 (FIG. 4).

The outputs of encoder gates 241-244 identify the fraction numerators l, 3, and 7 respectively, and the outputs of encoder gates 245-247 identify the fraction divisors 2, 4, and 8 respectively, as marked in FIG. 6A. The encoder gate outputs are coupled to character generator 69 through gates 280-285 in gating means 74, replacing the normal inputs to the character generator from data store 59.

The sequence of operations performed by the circuits illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, in printing a special symbol in the format illustrated in FIG. 4, can best be understood by reference to the timing diagram of FIG. 7. The timing diagram of FIG. 7 is described in terms of the column count steps controlled by the output signals from converter 68. The eight column steps assigned to each of two consecutive groups of eight columns are numbered and marked to illustrate the total imprinting of the special symbol, in this instance a fraction.

When a special symbol code word is received, for example, the code word for the fraction one-fourth as shown in FIG. 4, one of the special symbol detectors in unit 73 produces an output on terminal 203 (FIG. 6A) corresponding to this particular symbol. OR gate 208 then applies an enabling signal to gate 209, and an appropriately timed signal is supplied to flip-flop 215. In this manner, the Q data terminal 216 of flip-flop 215 develops an enabling signal, applied to gates 217 and 226 and to gating means 74 (FIG. 6B) whenever any of the special symbol detector inputs 201 through 207 are activated. The generation of the special symbol output signal on terminal 216 is shown as the leading edge 45] of the waveform 452 in FIG. 7. Thus, when a special symbol is received and detected, the output signal at terminal 216 flips from a logical zero to a logical one, and remains at the one level for two full groups of column count steps. When the signal at terminal 216 is high, for a logical one, gates 271-275 in gating means 74 are blocked, and data signals are not translated to character generator 69 from store 59 as in the normal receive mode for standard character code words.

The fraction indication output from terminal 216 is coupled through gate 217, with appropriate timing determined by the check input 218 (FIG. 6A), to set the first character enable latch 223A, gates 219 and 221. The output of gate 217 is shown in FIG. 7 by the brief pulse 453, occurring when a check signal is applied to terminal 218 from check detector 64 (see FIG. 6A). This pulse 453 (FIG. 7), in setting latch 223A, produces a change in state at terminal 233 from a zero to a one level, shown as the leading edge 454 of the waveform 455 (FIG. 7).

The encoding gates 241-244 of the encoding means 75 (FIG. 6A), relating to the fraction numerator, are now enabled to produce a modified code word representative of the particular special symbol or fraction indicated by the input signal on one of the terminals 201-207. In the case of the fraction one-fourth, signalled on input terminal 203, with its connections through gate 248, gate 241 changes state during the first character enable interval determined by pulse 455 (FIG. 7) to produce a change in state in gates 281, 283, 284 and 285, supplying a modified code word to the character generator 69 through output connections 291, 293, 294 and 295 (FIG. 68). With this modified code word coupled to the main character generator 69, the first character is imprinted in columns 171 through 178 (FIG. 4) as control system 50 steps through these columns, corresponding to column steps 4 through 8 in FIG. 7. The numeral one and two fraction bar dots is thus imprinted (FIG. 4). The first character enable latch 223A (FIG. 6A) remains high or enabled until an end-of-character (EOC) signal on input 222 resets the latch as shown as waveform edge 456 in FIG. 7. The EOC signal is produced by the reset detector 65 (FIG. 5).

The intermediate latch 223B, gates 224 and 225, is also set, producing a high output as indicated by the leading edge 457 of the waveform 458 at the output of 224 (FIGS. 6A, 7) when the first character enable latch 223A is activated. The intermediate latch 223C remains activated until the second character enable latch 223B, gates 226 and 227, is set. Latch 2233 is set when the inputs to gate 229, including a check signal on line 231 from check detector 64, are all at high logic levels. This occurs after the first latch 223A is reset, waveform edge 456, FIG. 7. That is, the second character enable latch 223B is set by the pulse 459 of the waveform at the output of gate 229. The enabling of the second latch 223B is shown by 461 the waveform at terminal 253 (FIGS. 6A, 7). The second character enable latch 2238 continues at a high logic level throughout a full cycle of eight more column steps.

During the next three (normally blank) column steps, the auxiliary character generator is enabled by the signal on line 253 and by a signal on input 304 (FIG. 6B). The strobe signals for these three column steps, from converter 68 appearing successively at terminals 305-307, produce successive outputs at terminals 411-413 (FIG. 68) to print dots in columns 181-183 (FIG. 4). These dots form the central part of the fraction bar.

With the second character enable latch 2238 still set. the signal input on terminal 203, through gate 256, actuates encoding gate 246. The output of gate 246 enables gates 282 and 284 in the gating means 74, supplying the modified code word for the divisor of the fraction at outputs 292 and 294 of gating means 74 (FIG. 6B) and hence to the main character generator 69. The second character, as illustrated in columns 184 through 188 in FIG. 4, is printed, based on this modified code data, completing the fraction one-fourth.

The second character enable latch 223B remains set (waveform 461, FIG. 7) until the end-of-character (EOC) signal at terminal 222 (FIG. 6A) resets the flipflop 215 by means of gate 232. Resetting of the flip-flop resets the second character enable latch 2238 by means of the signal, on line 216, applied to gate 226. The system is now back in the standard mode, ready to receive and utilize a code word for a standard character, another special symbol, or a non-part function.

The special symbol control, including the special symbol detector means 73, the special symbol encoder 75, the character generator gating means 74, and the auxiliary character generator 70, in cooperation with the overall control system 50, enables printer 10 to print special symbols that are unsuited to the standard character format, utilizing an input signal that includes a series of intermixed code words individually representative of standard data characters and special symbols. The special symbol code words are identified by the detector means 73, which provides outputs to the encoder 75 to produce modified code words supplied to the character generator gating means 74. This technique is employed to reproduce the first and second characters of a fraction or of any other simiar special symbol wide enough to require two standard character formats. The gating means 74 selects between the data store outputs from store 59 and the modified code word outputs from the encoder 75, under the control of the detector means 73, and couples either the data store or the encoder to the character generator 69. The auxiliary character generator 70, under the timing control of encoder 75, is directly coupled to the dot printer magnet controls 71 to actuate the printing of dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more columns that would be blank in the basic format to complete printing of the fraction or other special symbol.

The operation is essentially similar for special symbols narrow enough to fit into just one character format, as in the case of the weather symbols shown in FIG. 3, with the auxiliary character generator 70 con trolling the imprinting of dots in normally blank columns on both sides of the standard dot-position columns. The special symbol code word, as received, is modified by encoder 75 to produce a modified code word that controls printing in the standard dot-position columns. The printing of dots in normally blank columns on one or both sides of the standard print columns in directly controlled by the auxiliary character generator 70.

Virtually any combination of special symbols requiring the imprinting of dots in normally blank columns. involving any reasonable numbers of columns and any number of dots in each column, can be accomplished by circuits similar to those shown in FIGS. 6A and 68. with appropriate revision to fit the basic printer controls.

We claim:

I. In a high-speed dot matrix printer of the kind com prising a plurality of individual signal-actuated dot printer elements that print standard data characters in a basic format constituting a group of dot-position columns each including a given number of dot positions, with each such group of columns normally separated from the next adjacent group by a predetermined number of blank columns, a control system enabling the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the basic format, utilizing an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually respresentative of standard data characters and special symbols, said control system comprising:

a plural-level data store for receiving said input signal and capable of storing a plurality of received code words, each received code word being initially recorded in an input level of said store and then advanced to an output level;

a main character signal generator, coupled to said dot printer elements, for actuating said dot printer elements to print characters in said basic format;

encoding means for generating a series of modified code words each representative of a part of a special symbol, which part is reproducible in said basic format;

an auxiliary character signal generator, coupled to said dot printer elements, for actuating said dot printer elements to print dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more columns adjacent the columns of said basic format to complete the reproduction of said special symbols;

gating means, coupling an output level of said data store and said encoding means to said main character signal generator;

and special symbol detector means, coupled to said data store, said gating means, and said encoding means, for identifying received code words representative of said special symbols, and for actuating said gating means and said encoding means to apply modified code words to said main character generator;

said encoding means also being coupled to said auxiliary character generator to actuate said auxiliary character signal generator.

2. A control system, according to claim 1, in which said special symbols each comprise two adjacent characters imprinted in said basic format by said main character generator actuating said dot printer elements in response to modified code words for each character.

3. A control system, according to claim 2, in which said encoding means comprises latch-timing means for generating encoding information and logic means for generating modified code words, said latch-timing means providing the timing information to said logic means for generating a first modified code word representative of the first character and a second modified code word representative of a second character.

4. A control system, according to claim 3 in which said gating means comprises logic coding means for translating said modified code words at the output of said encoding means to a code suitable for driving said main character generator.

5. A control system, according to claim 4, in which said special symbols are fractions and said auxiliary character signal generator actuates said dot-printer elements to print dots representative of at least a portion of a fraction bar in the normally blank columns interposed between said first character and said second character of the special symbol.

and a second portion comprising dots imprinted in at least one column immediately adjacent the dot-position columns of said basic format by said auxiliary character signal generator actuating said dot printer elements.

8. A control system according to claim 7, in which said special symbols are weather symbols and dots are printed in just one column at each side of the dot position columns of said basic format.

l 1' l' t l 

1. In a high-speed dot matrix printer of the kind comprising a plurality of individual signal-actuated dot printer elements that print standard data characters in a basic format constituting a group of dot-position columns each including a given number of dot positions, with each such group of columns normally separated from the next adjacent group by a predetermined number of blank columns, a control system enabling the printer to print special symbols unsuited to the basic format, utilizing an input signal comprising a series of intermixed code words individually respresentative of standard data characters and special symbols, said control system comprising: a plural-level data store for receiving said input signal and capable of storing a plurality of received code words, each received code word being initially recorded in an input level of said store and then advanced to an output level; a main character signal generator, coupled to said dot printer elements, for actuating said dot printer elements to print characters in said basic format; encoding means for generating a series of modified code words each representative of a part of a special symbol, which part is reproducible in said basic format; an auxiliary character signal generator, coupled to said dot printer elements, for actuating said dot printer elements to print dots in a predetermined pattern in one or more columns adjacent the columns of said basic format to complete the reproduction of said special symbols; gating means, coupling an output level of said data store and said encoding means to said main character signal generator; and special symbol detector means, coupled to said data store, said gating means, and said encoding means, for identifying received code words representative of said special symbols, and for actuating said gating means and said encoding means to apply modified code words to said main character generator; said encoding means also being coupled to said auxiliary character generator to actuate said auxiliary character signal generator.
 2. A control system, according to claim 1, in which said special symbols each comprise two adjacent characters imprinted in said basic format by said main character generator actuating said dot printer elements in response to modified code words for each character.
 3. A control system, according to claim 2, in which said encoding means comprises latch-timing means for generating encoding information and logic means for generating modified code words, said latch-timing means providing the timing information to said logic means for generating a first modified code word representative of the first character and a second modified code word representative of a second character.
 4. A control system, according to claim 3 in which said gating means comprises logic coding means for translating said modified code words at the output of said encoding means to a code suitable for driving said main character generator.
 5. A control system, according to claim 4, in which said special symbols are fractions and said auxiliary character signal generator actuates said dot-printer elements to print dots representative of at least a portion of a fraction bar in the normally blank columns interposed between said first character and said second character of the special symbol.
 6. A control system, according to claim 5, in which each of said first and second characters, as imprinted under the control of said main character generator, comprises a numeral and a portion of a fraction bar.
 7. A control system according to claim 1, in which each special symbol comprises a main character portion formed by dots imprinted in said basic format by said main character generator actuating said dot printer elements in response to a modified code word, and a second portion comprising dots imprinted in at least one column immediately adjacent the dot-position columns of said basic format by said auxiliary character signal generator actuating said dot printer elements.
 8. A control system according to claim 7, in which said special symbols are weather symbols and dots are printed in just one column at each side of the dot position columns of said basic format. 